هاپلوگروپ E-M96

*تک‌گروه هاپلوگروپ E-M96*
تک‌گروه هاپلوگروپ E-M96
مبدأ زمانی ممکن	65,200 years BP, 69,000 years BP, or 73,000 years BP
مبدأ مکانی ممکن	شرق آفریقا، غرب آفریقا، or اوراسیا
Coalescence age	52,300 years BP
نیا	DE
اولاد	E-P147، E-M75
موتاسیون‌های تعریف کننده	L339, L614, M40/SRY4064/SRY8299, M96, P29, P150, P152, P154, P155, P156, P162, P168, P169, P170, P171, P172, P173, P174, P175, P176

هاپلوگروپ E-M96 (انگلیسی: Haplogroup E-M96)، یک تک‌گروه دی‌ان‌ای Y انسانی است. این یکی از دو شاخه اصلی هاپلوگروپ DE قدیمی‌تر و اجدادی است، شاخه اصلی دیگر هاپلوگروپ D است. کلاد E-M96 به دو شاخه اصلی تقسیم می‌شود: E-P147 رایج‌تر، و E-M75 کمتر رایج.

منابع

1 2 "E YTree".
↑ Kamin M, Saag L, Vincente M, et al. (April 2015). "A recent bottleneck of Y chromosome diversity coincides with a global change in culture". Genome Research. 25 (4): 459–466. doi:10.1101/gr.186684.114. PMC 4381518. PMID 25770088.
1 2 Haber M, Jones AL, Connel BA, Asan, Arciero E, Huanming Y, Thomas MG, Xue Y, Tyler-Smith C (June 2019). "A Rare Deep-Rooting D0 African Y-chromosomal Haplogroup and its Implications for the Expansion of Modern Humans Out of Africa". Genetics. 212 (4): 1421–1428. doi:10.1534/genetics.119.302368. PMC 6707464. PMID 31196864.
↑ Semino, Ornella; Magri, Chiara; Benuzzi, Giorgia; Lin, Alice A.; Al-Zahery, Nadia; Battaglia, Vincenza; MacCioni, Liliana; Triantaphyllidis, Costas; et al. (2004). "Origin, Diffusion, and Differentiation of Y-Chromosome Haplogroups E and J: Inferences on the Neolithization of Europe and Later Migratory Events in the Mediterranean Area". The American Journal of Human Genetics. 74 (5): 1023–34. doi:10.1086/386295. PMC 1181965. PMID 15069642.
↑ Chiaroni, J.; Underhill, P. A.; Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (2009). "Y chromosome diversity, human expansion, drift, and cultural evolution". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (48): 20174–9. Bibcode:2009PNAS..10620174C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0910803106. PMC 2787129. PMID 19920170.
↑ Trombetta et al. 2015, Phylogeographic refinement and large scale genotyping of human Y chromosome haplogroup E provide new insights into the dispersal of early pastoralists in the African continent
↑ Kohl, M.; et al. (November 13, 2009). "Distribution of Y-chromosomal SNP-haplogroups between males from Ethiopia". Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series. 2 (1): P435-436. doi:10.1016/j.fsigss.2009.08.051. ISSN 1875-1768. OCLC 4934346091. S2CID 85094284.
↑ Poznik, G David; et al. (2016). "Punctuated bursts in human male demography inferred from 1,244 worldwide Y-chromosome sequences". Nature Genetics. 48 (6): 593–599. doi:10.1038/ng.3559. PMC 4884158. PMID 27111036.
↑ Cabrera, Vicente; Marrero, Patricia; Abu-Amero, Khaled; Larruga, Jose (2019). "Carriers of mitochondrial DNA macrohaplogroup L3 basal lineages migrated back to Africa from Asia around 70,000 years ago". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 18 (98): 98. doi:10.1186/s12862-018-1211-4. PMC 6009813. PMID 29921229.

پیوند به بیرون

[YFull-1] 1 2 "E YTree".

[2] Kamin M, Saag L, Vincente M, et al. (April 2015). "A recent bottleneck of Y chromosome diversity coincides with a global change in culture". Genome Research. 25 (4): 459–466. doi:10.1101/gr.186684.114. PMC 4381518. PMID 25770088.

[ReferenceC-3] 1 2 Haber M, Jones AL, Connel BA, Asan, Arciero E, Huanming Y, Thomas MG, Xue Y, Tyler-Smith C (June 2019). "A Rare Deep-Rooting D0 African Y-chromosomal Haplogroup and its Implications for the Expansion of Modern Humans Out of Africa". Genetics. 212 (4): 1421–1428. doi:10.1534/genetics.119.302368. PMC 6707464. PMID 31196864.

[semino2004-4] Semino, Ornella; Magri, Chiara; Benuzzi, Giorgia; Lin, Alice A.; Al-Zahery, Nadia; Battaglia, Vincenza; MacCioni, Liliana; Triantaphyllidis, Costas; et al. (2004). "Origin, Diffusion, and Differentiation of Y-Chromosome Haplogroups E and J: Inferences on the Neolithization of Europe and Later Migratory Events in the Mediterranean Area". The American Journal of Human Genetics. 74 (5): 1023–34. doi:10.1086/386295. PMC 1181965. PMID 15069642.

[Chiaroni2009-5] Chiaroni, J.; Underhill, P. A.; Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (2009). "Y chromosome diversity, human expansion, drift, and cultural evolution". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (48): 20174–9. Bibcode:2009PNAS..10620174C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0910803106. PMC 2787129. PMID 19920170.

[gbe.oxfordjournals.org-6] Trombetta et al. 2015, Phylogeographic refinement and large scale genotyping of human Y chromosome haplogroup E provide new insights into the dispersal of early pastoralists in the African continent

[Kohl-7] Kohl, M.; et al. (November 13, 2009). "Distribution of Y-chromosomal SNP-haplogroups between males from Ethiopia". Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series. 2 (1): P435-436. doi:10.1016/j.fsigss.2009.08.051. ISSN 1875-1768. OCLC 4934346091. S2CID 85094284.

[Punctuated_bursts_in_human_male_dem-8] Poznik, G David; et al. (2016). "Punctuated bursts in human male demography inferred from 1,244 worldwide Y-chromosome sequences". Nature Genetics. 48 (6): 593–599. doi:10.1038/ng.3559. PMC 4884158. PMID 27111036.

[Cabrera-9] Cabrera, Vicente; Marrero, Patricia; Abu-Amero, Khaled; Larruga, Jose (2019). "Carriers of mitochondrial DNA macrohaplogroup L3 basal lineages migrated back to Africa from Asia around 70,000 years ago". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 18 (98): 98. doi:10.1186/s12862-018-1211-4. PMC 6009813. PMID 29921229.

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