کروموگرانین A

CHGA
ساختارهای موجود
PDB	جستجوی هم‌ساخت‌شناسی: PDBe RCSB
فهرست شناسه‌های PDB
	1LV4
معین‌کننده‌ها
نام‌های دیگر	CHGA, CGA, chromogranin A, Chromogranin A, PHES, PHE5
شناسه‌های بیرونی	OMIM: 118910 MGI: 88394 HomoloGene: 976 GeneCards: CHGA
موقعیت ژن (موش)
کروموزوم	کروموزوم ۱۲ (موش)
پایان	102,531,287 bp
الگوی گسترش RNA
	More reference expression data
هم‌ساخت‌شناسی
	1113
	12652
	ENSG00000276781; ENSG00000100604
	ENSMUSG00000021194
	P10645
	P26339
	NM_001301690، XM_011536370 NM_001275، NM_001301690، XM_011536370
	NM_007693
	NP_001288619، XP_011534672 NP_001266، NP_001288619، XP_011534672; NP_001288619.1
	NP_031719
	ویکی‌داده
مشاهده/ویرایش انسان	مشاهده/ویرایش موش

کروموگرانین A (انگلیسی: Chromogranin A) یک پروتئین ترشحی نوروآندوکرین است که در انسان توسط ژن «CHGA» کُدگذاری می‌شود^[۴] و عضوی از خانواده پروتئین‌های گرانین است. این پروتئین در وزیکول‌های ترشحی نورون‌ها و سلول‌های غدد درون‌ریز همچون گرانول‌های ترشحی سلول‌های بتای جزایر لانگرهانس پانکراس قرار دارد. سلول‌های کرومافینی مغز غده فوق کلیوی هم این پروتئین را ترشح می‌کنند.

کروموگرانین A پیش‌ساز چند پروتئین مهم است که تنظیم منفی بر پیام‌رسانی اتوکراین و پیام‌رسانی پاراکراین دارند.

اهمیت بالینی

سطح کروموگرانین A در جریان بیماری فئوکروموسیتوما بالا می‌رود.^[۵] مشخص شده که کروموگرانین A یک اُتو-آنتی‌ژن در جریان دیابت نوع ۱ است.^[۶] از کروموگرانین A به عنوان نشانگر زیستی برای سرطان لوزالمعده، سرطان پروستات^[۷] و سندرم کارسینوئید کاربرد دارد.^[۸]^[۹]

منابع

1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021194 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ Helman LJ, Ahn TG, Levine MA, Allison A, Cohen PS, Cooper MJ, et al. (August 1988). "Molecular cloning and primary structure of human chromogranin A (secretory protein I) cDNA". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 263 (23): 11559–63. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)37995-X. PMID 3403545.
↑ Cotesta D, Caliumi C, Alò P, Petramala L, Reale MG, Masciangelo R, et al. (2005). "High plasma levels of human chromogranin A and adrenomedullin in patients with pheochromocytoma". Tumori. 91 (1): 53–8. doi:10.1177/030089160509100110. PMID 15850005. S2CID 13142518.
↑ Stadinski BD, Delong T, Reisdorph N, Reisdorph R, Powell RL, Armstrong M, et al. (March 2010). "Chromogranin A is an autoantigen in type 1 diabetes". Nature Immunology. 11 (3): 225–31. doi:10.1038/ni.1844. PMC 3166626. PMID 20139986.
↑ Wu JT, Erickson AJ, Tsao KC, Wu TL, Sun CF (April 2000). "Elevated serum chromogranin A is detectable in patients with carcinomas at advanced disease stages". Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science. 30 (2): 175–178. PMID 10807161.
↑ Nikou GC, Lygidakis NJ, Toubanakis C, Pavlatos S, Tseleni-Balafouta S, Giannatou E, et al. (2005). "Current diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal carcinoids in a series of 101 patients: the significance of serum chromogranin-A, somatostatin receptor scintigraphy and somatostatin analogues". Hepato-Gastroenterology. 52 (63): 731–741. PMID 15966194.
↑ Tomita T (August 2020). "Significance of chromogranin A and synaptophysin in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors". Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences. 20 (3): 336–346. doi:10.17305/bjbms.2020.4632. PMC 7416176. PMID 32020844.

برای مطالعهٔ بیشتر

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Curry WJ, Barkatullah SC, Johansson AN, Quinn JG, Norlen P, Connolly CK, et al. (October 2002). "WE-14, a chromogranin a-derived neuropeptide". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 971 (1): 311–6. Bibcode:2002NYASA.971..311C. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04485.x. PMID 12438141. S2CID 22565635.
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Tamamura H, Ohta M, Yoshizawa K, Ono Y, Funakoshi A, Miyasaka K, et al. (July 1990). "Isolation and characterization of a tumor-derived human protein related to chromogranin A and its in vitro conversion to human pancreastatin-48". European Journal of Biochemistry. 191 (1): 33–9. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1990.tb19090.x. PMID 2165909.
Konecki DS, Benedum UM, Gerdes HH, Huttner WB (December 1987). "The primary structure of human chromogranin A and pancreastatin". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 262 (35): 17026–30. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)45486-5. PMID 2445752.
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[refGRCm38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021194 - Ensembl, May 2017

[2] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[3] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid3403545-4] Helman LJ, Ahn TG, Levine MA, Allison A, Cohen PS, Cooper MJ, et al. (August 1988). "Molecular cloning and primary structure of human chromogranin A (secretory protein I) cDNA". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 263 (23): 11559–63. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)37995-X. PMID 3403545.

[pmid15850005-5] Cotesta D, Caliumi C, Alò P, Petramala L, Reale MG, Masciangelo R, et al. (2005). "High plasma levels of human chromogranin A and adrenomedullin in patients with pheochromocytoma". Tumori. 91 (1): 53–8. doi:10.1177/030089160509100110. PMID 15850005. S2CID 13142518.

[pmid20139986-6] Stadinski BD, Delong T, Reisdorph N, Reisdorph R, Powell RL, Armstrong M, et al. (March 2010). "Chromogranin A is an autoantigen in type 1 diabetes". Nature Immunology. 11 (3): 225–31. doi:10.1038/ni.1844. PMC 3166626. PMID 20139986.

[pmid10807161-7] Wu JT, Erickson AJ, Tsao KC, Wu TL, Sun CF (April 2000). "Elevated serum chromogranin A is detectable in patients with carcinomas at advanced disease stages". Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science. 30 (2): 175–178. PMID 10807161.

[pmid15966194-8] Nikou GC, Lygidakis NJ, Toubanakis C, Pavlatos S, Tseleni-Balafouta S, Giannatou E, et al. (2005). "Current diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal carcinoids in a series of 101 patients: the significance of serum chromogranin-A, somatostatin receptor scintigraphy and somatostatin analogues". Hepato-Gastroenterology. 52 (63): 731–741. PMID 15966194.

[9] Tomita T (August 2020). "Significance of chromogranin A and synaptophysin in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors". Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences. 20 (3): 336–346. doi:10.17305/bjbms.2020.4632. PMC 7416176. PMID 32020844.

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