صابئین
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صابئین، صابئة یا صابئون گروهی مذهبی هستند که نام آنها سه بار در قرآن ذکر شده است (به صورت الصابئون و الصابئة)[۱] و دلالت بر این دارد که آنها از اهل کتاب بودند.[۲] هویت اصلی آنها، که به نظر میرسد در تاریخ اولیه فراموش شده است،[۳] «مشکل حل نشده قرآنی» نامیده شده است.[۴] پژوهشگران امروزی به گونههای مختلف آنها را مندائیان،[۵] مانویها،[۶] سباییها،[۷] الخسائیه،[۸] آرکونتیکها،[۹] حنیفها (یا به عنوان نوعی از گنوسیسم یا به عنوان یک "فرقه")[۱۰] یا به عنوان پیروان دین اختری حران.[۱۱] معرفی کردهاند. برخی از محققان بر این باورند که نمیتوان هویت اصلی آنها را با هیچ درجه ای از اطمینان مشخص کرد.[۱۲]
امروزه در ایران و عراق، اصطلاح صابئین برای اشاره به مندائیان بهکار میرود که یک گروه قومی-مذهبی هستند که از آموزههای پیامبرشان یحیی پیروی میکنند. این گروه از صابئین مندایی یکتاپرست بوده و مهمترین مراسم مذهبی آنها غسل تعمید است.[۱۳] کتاب مقدس پیروان این آیین گنزا ربا نام دارد.[۱۴]: 1 پیامبران صابئین مندایی شامل آدم، شیث، نوح، سام پسر نوح و یحیی تعمید دهنده است که حضرت آدم بنیانگذار دین و یوحنا بزرگترین و آخرین پیامبر این آیین بهشمار میرود.[۱۵]
یادداشتها
- ↑ Maghrebi manuscript, ح. 1250–1350
پانویس
- ↑ (Van Bladel 2017، ص. 5).
- ↑ (De Blois 2004); (Marks 2021، ص. 20).
- ↑ (De Blois و 1960–2012); (Van Bladel 2009، ص. 67).
- ↑ (Buck 1984، ص. 172).
- ↑ This was extensively argued by (Chwolsohn 1856) and (Gündüz 1994) (both cited by (Van Bladel 2009، ص. 67)). The view has also been adopted by such Mandaean scholars as (Drower 1960، ص. ix) and (Nasoraia 2012، ص. 39) (citing Gündüz 1994).
- ↑ (De Blois 1995) (cited by (Van Bladel 2009، ص. 67)).
- ↑ (Bell 1926، ص. 60) (cited by (Van Bladel 2009، ص. 67)).
- ↑ (Dozy و de Goeje 1884) (cited by (Green 1992، صص. 105–106)); (Buck 1984) (cited by (Van Bladel 2009، ص. 67)).
- ↑ (Tardieu 1986) (cited by (Van Bladel 2009، ص. 67)).
- ↑ As Gnostics: (Pedersen 1922، ص. 390) and (Hjärpe 1972) (both cited by (Van Bladel 2009، ص. 67)). As "sectarians": (Genequand 1999، صص. 123–127) (cited by (Van Bladel 2009، ص. 67)).
- ↑ (Margoliouth 1913) (cited by (Green 1992، صص. 106–108)); (Strohmaier 1996) (cited by (Van Bladel 2009، صص. 67–68)).
- ↑ (Green 1992، صص. 119–120); (Stroumsa 2004، صص. 335–341); (Hämeen-Anttila 2006، ص. 50); (Van Bladel 2009، ص. 68).
- ↑ Sabah, Zaid (27 September 2007). "Sabian sect keeps the faith". USA Today. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
- ↑ Al-Saadi, Qais; Al-Saadi, Hamed (2019). Ginza Rabba (2nd ed.). Germany: Drabsha.
- ↑ Brikhah S. Nasoraia (2012). "Sacred Text and Esoteric Praxis in Sabian Mandaean Religion" (PDF).
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